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Subsection 2.8.6 Step 4: the Remaining Trigonometric Functions

It is now an easy matter to get the derivatives of the remaining trigonometric functions using basic trig identities and the quotient rule. Remember  8 You really should. If you do not then take a quick look at the appropriate appendix. that

\begin{align*} \tan x&= \frac{\sin x}{\cos x} & \cot x &= \frac{\cos x}{\sin x}= \frac{1}{\tan x}\\ \csc x&= \frac{1}{\sin x} & \sec x &= \frac{1}{\cos x} \end{align*}

So, by the quotient rule,

\begin{alignat*}{3} \diff{}{x}\tan x &=\diff{}{x}\,\frac{\sin x}{\cos x} & &=\frac{\overbrace{\big({\ts\diff{}{x}}\sin x\big)}^{\cos x}\cos x -\sin x\overbrace{\big({\ts\diff{}{x}\cos x}\big)}^{-\sin x}} {\cos^2 x} & &=\sec^2 x\\ \diff{}{x}\,\csc x &=\diff{}{x}\,\frac{1}{\sin x} & &=-\frac{\overbrace{\big({\ts\diff{}{x}}\sin x\big)}^{\cos x}} {\sin^2 x} & &=-\csc x\cot x\\ \diff{}{x}\,\sec x &=\diff{}{x}\,\frac{1}{\cos x} & &=-\frac{\overbrace{\big({\ts\diff{}{x}}\cos x\big)}^{-\sin x}} {\cos^2 x} & &=\sec x\tan x\\ \diff{}{x}\cot x &=\diff{}{x}\,\frac{\cos x}{\sin x} & &=\frac{ \overbrace{\big({\ts\diff{}{x}}\cos x\big)}^{-\sin x}\sin x -\cos x\overbrace{{\ts\big(\diff{}{x}}\sin x\big)}^{\cos x}} {\sin^2 x} & &=-\csc^2 x \end{alignat*}